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Quantitative Analysis of mRNA as a Marker for Viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis

Numerous assays which use conserved DNA or rRNA sequences as targets for amplification have been described for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, these techniques have not been applied successfully to the monitoring of therapeutic efficacy owing to the persistence of amplifiable nucleic acid be...

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Main Authors: Hellyer, T. J., DesJardin, L. E., Hehman, G. L., Cave, M. D., Eisenach, K. D., Oshiro, Guy, Owens, Julia C., Shellman, Yiqun, Sclafani, Robert A., Li, Joachim J., Zumárraga, Martín J., Martin, Carlos, Samper, Sofia, Alito, Alicia, Latini, Omar, Bigi, Fabiana, Roxo, Eliana, Cicuta, María Elena, Errico, Francisco, Ramos, Miguel Castro, Cataldi, Angel, van Soolingen, Dick, Romano, María Isabel, Lan, Que, Hiruma, Kiyoshi, Hu, Xiao, Jindra, Marek, Riddiford, Lynn M., Williams, Stephanie L., Harris, N. Beth, Barletta, Raúl G., Kamisango, Keiichi, Kamogawa, Chieko, Sumi, Mayumi, Goto, Susumu, Hirao, Akihide, Gonzales, Frank, Yasuda, Kiyomi, Iino, Shiro, Feng, Yong-Qing, Alami, Raouf, Bouhassira, Eric E., Aoki, Francisco Hideo, Imai, Tamae, Tanaka, Reiko, Mikami, Yuzuru, Taguchi, Hideaki, Nishimura, Nancy Fusae, Nishimura, Kazuko, Miyaji, Makoto, Schreiber, Angelica Zaninella, Branchini, Maria Luiza Moretti, Jabra-Rizk, Mary Ann, Baqui, A. A. M. A., Kelley, Jacqueline I., Falkler, William A., Merz, William G., Meiller, Timothy F., Liu, Jinqi, Barnett, Anna, Neufeld, Ellis J., Dudley, Jaquelin P., Martell, María, Gómez, Jordi, Esteban, Juan I., Sauleda, Silvia, Quer, Josep, Cabot, Beatriz, Esteban, Rafael, Guardia, Jaime, Zazzi, Maurizio, Romano, Laura, Catucci, Marinunzia, Venturi, Giulietta, De Milito, Angelo, Valensin, Pier E., Larminie, Christopher G. C., Sutcliffe, Josephine E., Tosh, Kerrie, Winter, Andrew G., Felton-Edkins, Zoe A., White, Robert J., Zhong, Kathleen J. Y., Kain, Kevin C., Shiyanov, Pavel, Hayes, Steven A., Donepudi, Manjula, Nichols, Anne F., Linn, Stuart, Slagle, Betty L., Raychaudhuri, Pradip, van der Zee, Anneke, Verbakel, Harold, van Zon, Johan-Carlo, Frenay, Ine, van Belkum, Alex, Peeters, Marcel, Buiting, Anton, Bergmans, Anneke, Panteleeff, Dana DeVange, John, Grace, Nduati, Ruth, Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy, Richardson, Barbra, Kreiss, Joan, Overbaugh, Julie, Hsieh, Yng-Ju, Wang, Zhengxin, Kovelman, Robert, Roeder, Robert G., Attallah, Abdelfattah M., Ismail, Hisham, El Masry, Samir A., Rizk, Hassan, Handousa, Aia, El Bendary, Mahmoud, Tabll, Ashraf, Ezzat, Farouk, Herholz, Cornelia, Miserez, Raymond, Nicolet, Jacques, Frey, Joachim, Popoff, Michel, Gibert, Maryse, Gerber, Heinz, Straub, Reto, Chatellier, Sonia, Gottschalk, Marcelo, Higgins, Robert, Brousseau, Roland, Harel, Josee, Banditt, Michael, Koller, Theo, Sogo, José M., Arai, Hiroyasu, Petchclai, Bencha, Khupulsup, Kalayanee, Kurimura, Takashi, Takeda, Katsumichi, Moss, Delynn M., Croppo, Gian P., Wallace, Sara, Visvesvara, Govinda S., Ji, Qun-sheng, Chattopadhyay, Ansuman, Vecchi, Manuela, Carpenter, Graham, Schmid, D. Scott, Brown, Denise R., Nisenbaum, Rosane, Burke, Rae Lyn, Alexander, D’Anna, Ashley, Rhoda, Pellett, Philip E., Reeves, William C., Kodjo, Angeli, Villard, Laurence, Bizet, Chantal, Martel, Jean-Louis, Sanchis, Richard, Borges, Evelyne, Gauthier, Dominique, Maurin, Françoise, Richard, Yves, Cooke, Charles, Hans, Holly, Alwine, James C., Farrell, David J., Vyse, A. J., Brown, D. W. G., Cohen, B. J., Samuel, R., Nokes, D. J., Karmali, Mohamed A., Petric, Martin, Bielaszewska, Martina, Cohney, Solomon J., Sanden, David, Cacalano, Nicholas A., Yoshimura, Akihiko, Mui, Alice, Migone, Thi Sau, Johnston, James A., Nilsson, Kenneth, Lindquist, Olle, Liu, Ai Jie, Jaenson, Thomas G. T., Friman, Göran, Påhlson, Carl, Rasmussen, S. R., Aarestrup, F. M., Jensen, N. E., Jorsal, S. E., Filippa, Nathalie, Sable, Carol L., Filloux, Chantal, Hemmings, Brian, Van Obberghen, Emmanuel, Niemann, Stefan, Richter, Elvira, Rüsch-Gerdes, Sabine, Singh-Naz, Nalini, Sleemi, Ambreen, Pikis, Andreas, Patel, Kantilal M., Campos, Joseph M., McCullough, Michael J., Clemons, Karl V., Stevens, David A., Pati, Debananda, Meistrich, Marvin L., Plon, Sharon E., Koehler, Ann P., Chu, Kai-Cheong, Houang, Elizabeth T. S., Cheng, Augustine F. B., De Brauwer, Els, Jacobs, Jan, Nieman, Fred, Bruggeman, Cathrien, Drent, Marjolein, De Pascalis, R., Del Pezzo, M., Nardone, G., Budillon, G., Lavitola, A., Novina, Carl D., Kumar, Sanjay, Bajpai, Urmila, Cheriyath, Venugopalan, Zhang, Keming, Pillai, Shiv, Wortis, Henry H., Roy, Ananda L., Metherell, L. A., Logan, J. M. J., Stanley, J., Kessler, Harald H., Jungkind, Donald, Stelzl, Evelyn, Direnzo, Sue, Vellimedu, Srinivas K., Pierer, Karen, Santner, Brigitte, Marth, Egon, Touze, Antoine, Enogat, Nathalie, Buisson, Yves, Coursaget, Pierre, Bauer, Jeanett, Andersen, Åse Bengård, Chervinsky, David S., Zhao, Xian-Feng, Lam, Du H., Ellsworth, MaryKay, Gross, Kenneth W., Aplan, Peter D., Maslow, Joel N., Dawson, David, Carlin, Elizabeth A., Holland, Steven M., Dyer, John R., Pilcher, Christopher D., Shepard, Robin, Schock, Jody, Eron, Joseph J., Fiscus, Susan A.
פורמט: Artigo
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יצא לאור: American Society for Microbiology 1999
נושאים:
גישה מקוונת:https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84288/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889206
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84289/
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https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889207
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84291/
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https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84292/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889208
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84293/
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https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84294/
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spelling pubmed-842882002-05-02 Quantitative Analysis of mRNA as a Marker for Viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis Hellyer, T. J. DesJardin, L. E. Hehman, G. L. Cave, M. D. Eisenach, K. D. J Clin Microbiol Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes Numerous assays which use conserved DNA or rRNA sequences as targets for amplification have been described for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, these techniques have not been applied successfully to the monitoring of therapeutic efficacy owing to the persistence of amplifiable nucleic acid beyond the point at which smears and cultures become negative. Semiquantitative analysis of rRNA has been used to reduce the time required for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although growth for up to 5 days in the presence of some drugs is still required to discriminate resistant strains. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether quantitative analysis of M. tuberculosis mRNA could be used to assess bacterial viability and to illustrate the application of this technique to rapid determination of drug susceptibility. Levels of mRNA encoding the 85B protein (α-antigen), IS6110 DNA, and 16S rRNA were compared in parallel cultures of M. tuberculosis that were treated with either no drug, 0.2 μg of isoniazid per ml, or 1 μg of rifampin per ml. Exposure of sensitive strains to isoniazid or rifampin for 24 h reduced the levels of 85B mRNA to <4 and <0.01%, respectively, of those present in control cultures without drug. In contrast, the levels of IS6110 DNA and 16S rRNA did not diminish over the same period. Strains which were resistant to either isoniazid or rifampin demonstrated no reduction in 85B mRNA in the presence of the drug to which they were nonresponsive. Quantitative analysis of 85B mRNA offers a potentially useful tool for the rapid determination of M. tuberculosis drug susceptibility and for the monitoring of therapeutic efficacy. American Society for Microbiology 1999-02 /pmc/articles/PMC84288/ /pubmed/9889206 Text en Copyright © 1999, American Society for Microbiology
institution US National Library of Medicine
collection PubMed Central
language English
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format Article
topic Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Cell Growth and Development
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Gene Expression
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Virology
Gene Expression
Mycology
Mycology
Transcriptional Regulation
Virology
Virology
Gene Expression
Parasitology
Transcriptional Regulation
Bacteriology
Virology
Transcriptional Regulation
Parasitology
Clinical Veterinary Microbiology
Epidemiology
DNA Dynamics and Chromosome Structure
Virology
Parasitology
Cell Growth and Development
Virology
Clinical Veterinary Microbiology
Gene Expression
Bacteriology
Virology
Bacteriology
Cell Growth and Development
Chlamydiology and Rickettsiology
Clinical Veterinary Microbiology
Cell Growth and Development
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Epidemiology
Mycology
Cell Growth and Development
Mycology
Bacteriology
Bacteriology
Cell Growth and Development
Bacteriology
Bacteriology
Virology
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Cell Growth and Development
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Virology
spellingShingle Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Cell Growth and Development
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Gene Expression
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Virology
Gene Expression
Mycology
Mycology
Transcriptional Regulation
Virology
Virology
Gene Expression
Parasitology
Transcriptional Regulation
Bacteriology
Virology
Transcriptional Regulation
Parasitology
Clinical Veterinary Microbiology
Epidemiology
DNA Dynamics and Chromosome Structure
Virology
Parasitology
Cell Growth and Development
Virology
Clinical Veterinary Microbiology
Gene Expression
Bacteriology
Virology
Bacteriology
Cell Growth and Development
Chlamydiology and Rickettsiology
Clinical Veterinary Microbiology
Cell Growth and Development
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Epidemiology
Mycology
Cell Growth and Development
Mycology
Bacteriology
Bacteriology
Cell Growth and Development
Bacteriology
Bacteriology
Virology
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Cell Growth and Development
Mycobacteriology and Aerobic Actinomycetes
Virology
Hellyer, T. J.
DesJardin, L. E.
Hehman, G. L.
Cave, M. D.
Eisenach, K. D.
Oshiro, Guy
Owens, Julia C.
Shellman, Yiqun
Sclafani, Robert A.
Li, Joachim J.
Zumárraga, Martín J.
Martin, Carlos
Samper, Sofia
Alito, Alicia
Latini, Omar
Bigi, Fabiana
Roxo, Eliana
Cicuta, María Elena
Errico, Francisco
Ramos, Miguel Castro
Cataldi, Angel
van Soolingen, Dick
Romano, María Isabel
Lan, Que
Hiruma, Kiyoshi
Hu, Xiao
Jindra, Marek
Riddiford, Lynn M.
Williams, Stephanie L.
Harris, N. Beth
Barletta, Raúl G.
Kamisango, Keiichi
Kamogawa, Chieko
Sumi, Mayumi
Goto, Susumu
Hirao, Akihide
Gonzales, Frank
Yasuda, Kiyomi
Iino, Shiro
Feng, Yong-Qing
Alami, Raouf
Bouhassira, Eric E.
Aoki, Francisco Hideo
Imai, Tamae
Tanaka, Reiko
Mikami, Yuzuru
Taguchi, Hideaki
Nishimura, Nancy Fusae
Nishimura, Kazuko
Miyaji, Makoto
Schreiber, Angelica Zaninella
Branchini, Maria Luiza Moretti
Jabra-Rizk, Mary Ann
Baqui, A. A. M. A.
Kelley, Jacqueline I.
Falkler, William A.
Merz, William G.
Meiller, Timothy F.
Liu, Jinqi
Barnett, Anna
Neufeld, Ellis J.
Dudley, Jaquelin P.
Martell, María
Gómez, Jordi
Esteban, Juan I.
Sauleda, Silvia
Quer, Josep
Cabot, Beatriz
Esteban, Rafael
Guardia, Jaime
Zazzi, Maurizio
Romano, Laura
Catucci, Marinunzia
Venturi, Giulietta
De Milito, Angelo
Valensin, Pier E.
Larminie, Christopher G. C.
Sutcliffe, Josephine E.
Tosh, Kerrie
Winter, Andrew G.
Felton-Edkins, Zoe A.
White, Robert J.
Zhong, Kathleen J. Y.
Kain, Kevin C.
Shiyanov, Pavel
Hayes, Steven A.
Donepudi, Manjula
Nichols, Anne F.
Linn, Stuart
Slagle, Betty L.
Raychaudhuri, Pradip
van der Zee, Anneke
Verbakel, Harold
van Zon, Johan-Carlo
Frenay, Ine
van Belkum, Alex
Peeters, Marcel
Buiting, Anton
Bergmans, Anneke
Panteleeff, Dana DeVange
John, Grace
Nduati, Ruth
Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy
Richardson, Barbra
Kreiss, Joan
Overbaugh, Julie
Hsieh, Yng-Ju
Wang, Zhengxin
Kovelman, Robert
Roeder, Robert G.
Attallah, Abdelfattah M.
Ismail, Hisham
El Masry, Samir A.
Rizk, Hassan
Handousa, Aia
El Bendary, Mahmoud
Tabll, Ashraf
Ezzat, Farouk
Herholz, Cornelia
Miserez, Raymond
Nicolet, Jacques
Frey, Joachim
Popoff, Michel
Gibert, Maryse
Gerber, Heinz
Straub, Reto
Chatellier, Sonia
Gottschalk, Marcelo
Higgins, Robert
Brousseau, Roland
Harel, Josee
Banditt, Michael
Koller, Theo
Sogo, José M.
Arai, Hiroyasu
Petchclai, Bencha
Khupulsup, Kalayanee
Kurimura, Takashi
Takeda, Katsumichi
Moss, Delynn M.
Croppo, Gian P.
Wallace, Sara
Visvesvara, Govinda S.
Ji, Qun-sheng
Chattopadhyay, Ansuman
Vecchi, Manuela
Carpenter, Graham
Schmid, D. Scott
Brown, Denise R.
Nisenbaum, Rosane
Burke, Rae Lyn
Alexander, D’Anna
Ashley, Rhoda
Pellett, Philip E.
Reeves, William C.
Kodjo, Angeli
Villard, Laurence
Bizet, Chantal
Martel, Jean-Louis
Sanchis, Richard
Borges, Evelyne
Gauthier, Dominique
Maurin, Françoise
Richard, Yves
Cooke, Charles
Hans, Holly
Alwine, James C.
Farrell, David J.
Vyse, A. J.
Brown, D. W. G.
Cohen, B. J.
Samuel, R.
Nokes, D. J.
Karmali, Mohamed A.
Petric, Martin
Bielaszewska, Martina
Cohney, Solomon J.
Sanden, David
Cacalano, Nicholas A.
Yoshimura, Akihiko
Mui, Alice
Migone, Thi Sau
Johnston, James A.
Nilsson, Kenneth
Lindquist, Olle
Liu, Ai Jie
Jaenson, Thomas G. T.
Friman, Göran
Påhlson, Carl
Rasmussen, S. R.
Aarestrup, F. M.
Jensen, N. E.
Jorsal, S. E.
Filippa, Nathalie
Sable, Carol L.
Filloux, Chantal
Hemmings, Brian
Van Obberghen, Emmanuel
Niemann, Stefan
Richter, Elvira
Rüsch-Gerdes, Sabine
Singh-Naz, Nalini
Sleemi, Ambreen
Pikis, Andreas
Patel, Kantilal M.
Campos, Joseph M.
McCullough, Michael J.
Clemons, Karl V.
Stevens, David A.
Pati, Debananda
Meistrich, Marvin L.
Plon, Sharon E.
Koehler, Ann P.
Chu, Kai-Cheong
Houang, Elizabeth T. S.
Cheng, Augustine F. B.
De Brauwer, Els
Jacobs, Jan
Nieman, Fred
Bruggeman, Cathrien
Drent, Marjolein
De Pascalis, R.
Del Pezzo, M.
Nardone, G.
Budillon, G.
Lavitola, A.
Novina, Carl D.
Kumar, Sanjay
Bajpai, Urmila
Cheriyath, Venugopalan
Zhang, Keming
Pillai, Shiv
Wortis, Henry H.
Roy, Ananda L.
Metherell, L. A.
Logan, J. M. J.
Stanley, J.
Kessler, Harald H.
Jungkind, Donald
Stelzl, Evelyn
Direnzo, Sue
Vellimedu, Srinivas K.
Pierer, Karen
Santner, Brigitte
Marth, Egon
Touze, Antoine
Enogat, Nathalie
Buisson, Yves
Coursaget, Pierre
Bauer, Jeanett
Andersen, Åse Bengård
Chervinsky, David S.
Zhao, Xian-Feng
Lam, Du H.
Ellsworth, MaryKay
Gross, Kenneth W.
Aplan, Peter D.
Maslow, Joel N.
Dawson, David
Carlin, Elizabeth A.
Holland, Steven M.
Dyer, John R.
Pilcher, Christopher D.
Shepard, Robin
Schock, Jody
Eron, Joseph J.
Fiscus, Susan A.
Quantitative Analysis of mRNA as a Marker for Viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
description Numerous assays which use conserved DNA or rRNA sequences as targets for amplification have been described for the diagnosis of tuberculosis. However, these techniques have not been applied successfully to the monitoring of therapeutic efficacy owing to the persistence of amplifiable nucleic acid beyond the point at which smears and cultures become negative. Semiquantitative analysis of rRNA has been used to reduce the time required for antimicrobial susceptibility testing of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, although growth for up to 5 days in the presence of some drugs is still required to discriminate resistant strains. The purpose of the present study was to determine whether quantitative analysis of M. tuberculosis mRNA could be used to assess bacterial viability and to illustrate the application of this technique to rapid determination of drug susceptibility. Levels of mRNA encoding the 85B protein (α-antigen), IS6110 DNA, and 16S rRNA were compared in parallel cultures of M. tuberculosis that were treated with either no drug, 0.2 μg of isoniazid per ml, or 1 μg of rifampin per ml. Exposure of sensitive strains to isoniazid or rifampin for 24 h reduced the levels of 85B mRNA to <4 and <0.01%, respectively, of those present in control cultures without drug. In contrast, the levels of IS6110 DNA and 16S rRNA did not diminish over the same period. Strains which were resistant to either isoniazid or rifampin demonstrated no reduction in 85B mRNA in the presence of the drug to which they were nonresponsive. Quantitative analysis of 85B mRNA offers a potentially useful tool for the rapid determination of M. tuberculosis drug susceptibility and for the monitoring of therapeutic efficacy.
author Hellyer, T. J.
DesJardin, L. E.
Hehman, G. L.
Cave, M. D.
Eisenach, K. D.
Oshiro, Guy
Owens, Julia C.
Shellman, Yiqun
Sclafani, Robert A.
Li, Joachim J.
Zumárraga, Martín J.
Martin, Carlos
Samper, Sofia
Alito, Alicia
Latini, Omar
Bigi, Fabiana
Roxo, Eliana
Cicuta, María Elena
Errico, Francisco
Ramos, Miguel Castro
Cataldi, Angel
van Soolingen, Dick
Romano, María Isabel
Lan, Que
Hiruma, Kiyoshi
Hu, Xiao
Jindra, Marek
Riddiford, Lynn M.
Williams, Stephanie L.
Harris, N. Beth
Barletta, Raúl G.
Kamisango, Keiichi
Kamogawa, Chieko
Sumi, Mayumi
Goto, Susumu
Hirao, Akihide
Gonzales, Frank
Yasuda, Kiyomi
Iino, Shiro
Feng, Yong-Qing
Alami, Raouf
Bouhassira, Eric E.
Aoki, Francisco Hideo
Imai, Tamae
Tanaka, Reiko
Mikami, Yuzuru
Taguchi, Hideaki
Nishimura, Nancy Fusae
Nishimura, Kazuko
Miyaji, Makoto
Schreiber, Angelica Zaninella
Branchini, Maria Luiza Moretti
Jabra-Rizk, Mary Ann
Baqui, A. A. M. A.
Kelley, Jacqueline I.
Falkler, William A.
Merz, William G.
Meiller, Timothy F.
Liu, Jinqi
Barnett, Anna
Neufeld, Ellis J.
Dudley, Jaquelin P.
Martell, María
Gómez, Jordi
Esteban, Juan I.
Sauleda, Silvia
Quer, Josep
Cabot, Beatriz
Esteban, Rafael
Guardia, Jaime
Zazzi, Maurizio
Romano, Laura
Catucci, Marinunzia
Venturi, Giulietta
De Milito, Angelo
Valensin, Pier E.
Larminie, Christopher G. C.
Sutcliffe, Josephine E.
Tosh, Kerrie
Winter, Andrew G.
Felton-Edkins, Zoe A.
White, Robert J.
Zhong, Kathleen J. Y.
Kain, Kevin C.
Shiyanov, Pavel
Hayes, Steven A.
Donepudi, Manjula
Nichols, Anne F.
Linn, Stuart
Slagle, Betty L.
Raychaudhuri, Pradip
van der Zee, Anneke
Verbakel, Harold
van Zon, Johan-Carlo
Frenay, Ine
van Belkum, Alex
Peeters, Marcel
Buiting, Anton
Bergmans, Anneke
Panteleeff, Dana DeVange
John, Grace
Nduati, Ruth
Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy
Richardson, Barbra
Kreiss, Joan
Overbaugh, Julie
Hsieh, Yng-Ju
Wang, Zhengxin
Kovelman, Robert
Roeder, Robert G.
Attallah, Abdelfattah M.
Ismail, Hisham
El Masry, Samir A.
Rizk, Hassan
Handousa, Aia
El Bendary, Mahmoud
Tabll, Ashraf
Ezzat, Farouk
Herholz, Cornelia
Miserez, Raymond
Nicolet, Jacques
Frey, Joachim
Popoff, Michel
Gibert, Maryse
Gerber, Heinz
Straub, Reto
Chatellier, Sonia
Gottschalk, Marcelo
Higgins, Robert
Brousseau, Roland
Harel, Josee
Banditt, Michael
Koller, Theo
Sogo, José M.
Arai, Hiroyasu
Petchclai, Bencha
Khupulsup, Kalayanee
Kurimura, Takashi
Takeda, Katsumichi
Moss, Delynn M.
Croppo, Gian P.
Wallace, Sara
Visvesvara, Govinda S.
Ji, Qun-sheng
Chattopadhyay, Ansuman
Vecchi, Manuela
Carpenter, Graham
Schmid, D. Scott
Brown, Denise R.
Nisenbaum, Rosane
Burke, Rae Lyn
Alexander, D’Anna
Ashley, Rhoda
Pellett, Philip E.
Reeves, William C.
Kodjo, Angeli
Villard, Laurence
Bizet, Chantal
Martel, Jean-Louis
Sanchis, Richard
Borges, Evelyne
Gauthier, Dominique
Maurin, Françoise
Richard, Yves
Cooke, Charles
Hans, Holly
Alwine, James C.
Farrell, David J.
Vyse, A. J.
Brown, D. W. G.
Cohen, B. J.
Samuel, R.
Nokes, D. J.
Karmali, Mohamed A.
Petric, Martin
Bielaszewska, Martina
Cohney, Solomon J.
Sanden, David
Cacalano, Nicholas A.
Yoshimura, Akihiko
Mui, Alice
Migone, Thi Sau
Johnston, James A.
Nilsson, Kenneth
Lindquist, Olle
Liu, Ai Jie
Jaenson, Thomas G. T.
Friman, Göran
Påhlson, Carl
Rasmussen, S. R.
Aarestrup, F. M.
Jensen, N. E.
Jorsal, S. E.
Filippa, Nathalie
Sable, Carol L.
Filloux, Chantal
Hemmings, Brian
Van Obberghen, Emmanuel
Niemann, Stefan
Richter, Elvira
Rüsch-Gerdes, Sabine
Singh-Naz, Nalini
Sleemi, Ambreen
Pikis, Andreas
Patel, Kantilal M.
Campos, Joseph M.
McCullough, Michael J.
Clemons, Karl V.
Stevens, David A.
Pati, Debananda
Meistrich, Marvin L.
Plon, Sharon E.
Koehler, Ann P.
Chu, Kai-Cheong
Houang, Elizabeth T. S.
Cheng, Augustine F. B.
De Brauwer, Els
Jacobs, Jan
Nieman, Fred
Bruggeman, Cathrien
Drent, Marjolein
De Pascalis, R.
Del Pezzo, M.
Nardone, G.
Budillon, G.
Lavitola, A.
Novina, Carl D.
Kumar, Sanjay
Bajpai, Urmila
Cheriyath, Venugopalan
Zhang, Keming
Pillai, Shiv
Wortis, Henry H.
Roy, Ananda L.
Metherell, L. A.
Logan, J. M. J.
Stanley, J.
Kessler, Harald H.
Jungkind, Donald
Stelzl, Evelyn
Direnzo, Sue
Vellimedu, Srinivas K.
Pierer, Karen
Santner, Brigitte
Marth, Egon
Touze, Antoine
Enogat, Nathalie
Buisson, Yves
Coursaget, Pierre
Bauer, Jeanett
Andersen, Åse Bengård
Chervinsky, David S.
Zhao, Xian-Feng
Lam, Du H.
Ellsworth, MaryKay
Gross, Kenneth W.
Aplan, Peter D.
Maslow, Joel N.
Dawson, David
Carlin, Elizabeth A.
Holland, Steven M.
Dyer, John R.
Pilcher, Christopher D.
Shepard, Robin
Schock, Jody
Eron, Joseph J.
Fiscus, Susan A.
author_facet Hellyer, T. J.
DesJardin, L. E.
Hehman, G. L.
Cave, M. D.
Eisenach, K. D.
Oshiro, Guy
Owens, Julia C.
Shellman, Yiqun
Sclafani, Robert A.
Li, Joachim J.
Zumárraga, Martín J.
Martin, Carlos
Samper, Sofia
Alito, Alicia
Latini, Omar
Bigi, Fabiana
Roxo, Eliana
Cicuta, María Elena
Errico, Francisco
Ramos, Miguel Castro
Cataldi, Angel
van Soolingen, Dick
Romano, María Isabel
Lan, Que
Hiruma, Kiyoshi
Hu, Xiao
Jindra, Marek
Riddiford, Lynn M.
Williams, Stephanie L.
Harris, N. Beth
Barletta, Raúl G.
Kamisango, Keiichi
Kamogawa, Chieko
Sumi, Mayumi
Goto, Susumu
Hirao, Akihide
Gonzales, Frank
Yasuda, Kiyomi
Iino, Shiro
Feng, Yong-Qing
Alami, Raouf
Bouhassira, Eric E.
Aoki, Francisco Hideo
Imai, Tamae
Tanaka, Reiko
Mikami, Yuzuru
Taguchi, Hideaki
Nishimura, Nancy Fusae
Nishimura, Kazuko
Miyaji, Makoto
Schreiber, Angelica Zaninella
Branchini, Maria Luiza Moretti
Jabra-Rizk, Mary Ann
Baqui, A. A. M. A.
Kelley, Jacqueline I.
Falkler, William A.
Merz, William G.
Meiller, Timothy F.
Liu, Jinqi
Barnett, Anna
Neufeld, Ellis J.
Dudley, Jaquelin P.
Martell, María
Gómez, Jordi
Esteban, Juan I.
Sauleda, Silvia
Quer, Josep
Cabot, Beatriz
Esteban, Rafael
Guardia, Jaime
Zazzi, Maurizio
Romano, Laura
Catucci, Marinunzia
Venturi, Giulietta
De Milito, Angelo
Valensin, Pier E.
Larminie, Christopher G. C.
Sutcliffe, Josephine E.
Tosh, Kerrie
Winter, Andrew G.
Felton-Edkins, Zoe A.
White, Robert J.
Zhong, Kathleen J. Y.
Kain, Kevin C.
Shiyanov, Pavel
Hayes, Steven A.
Donepudi, Manjula
Nichols, Anne F.
Linn, Stuart
Slagle, Betty L.
Raychaudhuri, Pradip
van der Zee, Anneke
Verbakel, Harold
van Zon, Johan-Carlo
Frenay, Ine
van Belkum, Alex
Peeters, Marcel
Buiting, Anton
Bergmans, Anneke
Panteleeff, Dana DeVange
John, Grace
Nduati, Ruth
Mbori-Ngacha, Dorothy
Richardson, Barbra
Kreiss, Joan
Overbaugh, Julie
Hsieh, Yng-Ju
Wang, Zhengxin
Kovelman, Robert
Roeder, Robert G.
Attallah, Abdelfattah M.
Ismail, Hisham
El Masry, Samir A.
Rizk, Hassan
Handousa, Aia
El Bendary, Mahmoud
Tabll, Ashraf
Ezzat, Farouk
Herholz, Cornelia
Miserez, Raymond
Nicolet, Jacques
Frey, Joachim
Popoff, Michel
Gibert, Maryse
Gerber, Heinz
Straub, Reto
Chatellier, Sonia
Gottschalk, Marcelo
Higgins, Robert
Brousseau, Roland
Harel, Josee
Banditt, Michael
Koller, Theo
Sogo, José M.
Arai, Hiroyasu
Petchclai, Bencha
Khupulsup, Kalayanee
Kurimura, Takashi
Takeda, Katsumichi
Moss, Delynn M.
Croppo, Gian P.
Wallace, Sara
Visvesvara, Govinda S.
Ji, Qun-sheng
Chattopadhyay, Ansuman
Vecchi, Manuela
Carpenter, Graham
Schmid, D. Scott
Brown, Denise R.
Nisenbaum, Rosane
Burke, Rae Lyn
Alexander, D’Anna
Ashley, Rhoda
Pellett, Philip E.
Reeves, William C.
Kodjo, Angeli
Villard, Laurence
Bizet, Chantal
Martel, Jean-Louis
Sanchis, Richard
Borges, Evelyne
Gauthier, Dominique
Maurin, Françoise
Richard, Yves
Cooke, Charles
Hans, Holly
Alwine, James C.
Farrell, David J.
Vyse, A. J.
Brown, D. W. G.
Cohen, B. J.
Samuel, R.
Nokes, D. J.
Karmali, Mohamed A.
Petric, Martin
Bielaszewska, Martina
Cohney, Solomon J.
Sanden, David
Cacalano, Nicholas A.
Yoshimura, Akihiko
Mui, Alice
Migone, Thi Sau
Johnston, James A.
Nilsson, Kenneth
Lindquist, Olle
Liu, Ai Jie
Jaenson, Thomas G. T.
Friman, Göran
Påhlson, Carl
Rasmussen, S. R.
Aarestrup, F. M.
Jensen, N. E.
Jorsal, S. E.
Filippa, Nathalie
Sable, Carol L.
Filloux, Chantal
Hemmings, Brian
Van Obberghen, Emmanuel
Niemann, Stefan
Richter, Elvira
Rüsch-Gerdes, Sabine
Singh-Naz, Nalini
Sleemi, Ambreen
Pikis, Andreas
Patel, Kantilal M.
Campos, Joseph M.
McCullough, Michael J.
Clemons, Karl V.
Stevens, David A.
Pati, Debananda
Meistrich, Marvin L.
Plon, Sharon E.
Koehler, Ann P.
Chu, Kai-Cheong
Houang, Elizabeth T. S.
Cheng, Augustine F. B.
De Brauwer, Els
Jacobs, Jan
Nieman, Fred
Bruggeman, Cathrien
Drent, Marjolein
De Pascalis, R.
Del Pezzo, M.
Nardone, G.
Budillon, G.
Lavitola, A.
Novina, Carl D.
Kumar, Sanjay
Bajpai, Urmila
Cheriyath, Venugopalan
Zhang, Keming
Pillai, Shiv
Wortis, Henry H.
Roy, Ananda L.
Metherell, L. A.
Logan, J. M. J.
Stanley, J.
Kessler, Harald H.
Jungkind, Donald
Stelzl, Evelyn
Direnzo, Sue
Vellimedu, Srinivas K.
Pierer, Karen
Santner, Brigitte
Marth, Egon
Touze, Antoine
Enogat, Nathalie
Buisson, Yves
Coursaget, Pierre
Bauer, Jeanett
Andersen, Åse Bengård
Chervinsky, David S.
Zhao, Xian-Feng
Lam, Du H.
Ellsworth, MaryKay
Gross, Kenneth W.
Aplan, Peter D.
Maslow, Joel N.
Dawson, David
Carlin, Elizabeth A.
Holland, Steven M.
Dyer, John R.
Pilcher, Christopher D.
Shepard, Robin
Schock, Jody
Eron, Joseph J.
Fiscus, Susan A.
author_sort Hellyer, T. J.
title Quantitative Analysis of mRNA as a Marker for Viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_short Quantitative Analysis of mRNA as a Marker for Viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_full Quantitative Analysis of mRNA as a Marker for Viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_fullStr Quantitative Analysis of mRNA as a Marker for Viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_full_unstemmed Quantitative Analysis of mRNA as a Marker for Viability of Mycobacterium tuberculosis
title_sort quantitative analysis of mrna as a marker for viability of mycobacterium tuberculosis
publisher American Society for Microbiology
publisher_facet American Society for Microbiology
publishDate 1999
url https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84288/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889206
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84289/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373538
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84290/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889207
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84291/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373539
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84292/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889208
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84293/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889209
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84294/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373540
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84295/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889210
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84296/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889211
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84297/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373541
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84298/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889212
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84299/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889213
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84300/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373542
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84301/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889214
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84302/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373543
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84303/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889215
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84304/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889216
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84305/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373544
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84306/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889217
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84307/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889218
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84308/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889219
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84309/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373545
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84310/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889220
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84311/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889221
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84312/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373546
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84313/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889222
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84314/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889223
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84315/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373547
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84316/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889224
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84317/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889225
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84318/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889226
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84319/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373548
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84320/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889227
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84321/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889228
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84322/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373549
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84323/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889229
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84324/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889230
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84325/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889231
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84326/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373550
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84327/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889232
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84328/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889233
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84329/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889234
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84330/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373551
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84331/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889235
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84332/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889236
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84333/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889237
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84334/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889238
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84335/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/10373552
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84336/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889239
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC84337/
https://ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/9889240
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